SC Archives Summary Guide

South Carolina Archives
Biographical Note

Governor John Gardiner Richards (1927-1931)

 


CALL NUMBER:        S 538000


John Gardiner Richards was born in Liberty Hill, Kershaw County, SC, on September 11, 1864, the son of Presbyterian minister John Gardiner Richards and Sophie Smith Richards. After attending Bingham Military Institute in Mebane, NC, he returned to Liberty Hill to pursue a career in farming. On June 12, 1888 he married Elizabeth Coates Workman, and together they reared eleven children. An active Presbyterian layman, he served the church as elder, deacon, and superintendent of the Sunday School. His hobbies and recreations included lancing tournaments and fox hunting. Active in the SC Militia, his service included fourteen years as captain of the Liberty Hill Rifles. He retired from the militia as a lieutenant colonel.

His political career began in 1892 with his election as magistrate for Kershaw County. From 1898 to 1909 he was a member of the House of Representatives, where for several years he chaired the Committee on Ways and Means. Richards served as a trustee of Clemson College from 1905 to 1910 and on the Railroad Commission from 1910 to 1918 and 1922 to 1926, including four years as chairman. He ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1910, 1914, and 1918.

In November 1926 Richards was elected governor by a considerable majority in the second primary. Richards' administration was notable for his attempts to strictly enforce the Sabbatarian (blue) laws, some of which had been on the books since the seventeenth century. In March 1927 the governor instructed law enforcement officials to stop Sunday amateur sports events and to order the Sunday closing of gas stations, refreshment stands, and drug stores. Richards vetoed all legislative attempts to revise the blue laws.

Of more lasting importance was the passage of a $65 million bond issue to finance the building of the state highway system. Although the bond issue was of questionable constitutionality, the Supreme Court sitting en banc with the justices of the circuit courts eventually ruled it constitutional. Other achievements of the Richards' administration were the creation of the Forestry Commission, the acceleration of the rural electrification program, and legislation making the buying of liquor as illegal as the making of it. Richards was unsuccessful in his attempts to abolish the Tax Commission and the Board of Public Welfare and in his support for a bill to forbid the teaching of evolution in the public schools and colleges. The formation of the Governor's Committee on Unemployment and the State Colored Unemployment Committee reflected the Richards' administration's attempts to deal with the Great Depression.

In 1938 Richards was elected to the S.C. Tax Commission on which he served until his death on October 9, 1941.