Palmetto Media Watch

(Second in a Series from the Office of Communications on
Fighting Stigma Associated with Mental Illness)

Misinformation is a leading cause of the stigma associated with mental illness. In an effort to persuade the media to be our allies in the fight against stigma, the Department of Mental Health, Protection and Advocacy for People with Disabilities and other advocacy organizations have formed a statewide network of volunteers to watch the media for examples of material that inaccurately or negatively portrays mental illness. Through phone calls, letters to the editors or reporters and op-ed pieces for the newspaper, volunteers will tell the media what was done wrong, how it harms people and how to correct it.

About 100 people have volunteered to be a part of this exciting and important effort. A training session has been scheduled for March 30 for our Palmetto Media Watchers.

Another segment in our fight against stigma involved the department's hiring of a research firm to conduct a statewide survey of people's attitudes toward mental illness. Following are the highlights from that survey:

Highlights of Survey

Sixteen percent of South Carolina citizens have a stigma towards mental illness. When asked to use a "1" to "6" scale to indicate how strongly they agree or disagree with the statement, "If mental illness were in my family, I would not want people to know ..."

16% of all South Carolinians said they agree (a "Y or "6" rating) with the statement.

20% did not have a strong opinion either way (a "3" or "4" rating).

64% disagreed (a "1" or "2") with the statement.

Residents of the Pee Dee region are more likely than other residents in the state to have a stigma towards mental illness. Conversely, residents of the Midlands region are much less likely than other residents to have a stigma.

Pee Dee region (26% have a stigma)
Upstate (18%)
Coastal (12%)
Midlands (7%)

South Carolinians who attribute stigma with mental illness are much more likely than citizens who do not have a stigma to ...

Be single
Be an African American
Have a high school education
Be retired
Have an annual household income less than $25,000

South Carolina citizens with a stigma towards mental illness are much more likely than other residents to listen to urban ethnic radio programs. They are much less likely than other residents to listen to Christian radio programs.

Most (78%) claim they read the local newspaper.

Almost half (48%) say they watch the evening news. 30% watch prime time TV and 29% watch the morning news.

The most common radio programs are news/talk radio (14%), country music (11 %), Christian radio (10%) and Current Hit Radio/Top 40  (10%).

At least half of all South Carolina residents agree with the following positive statements about mental illness.

72% agree that "Virtually anyone can become mentally ill." However, the percentage of residents agreeing with this statement declined markedly during the past decade, falling from 80%.

66% agree with the statement, "In most cases, keeping up a normal life in a community will help a person with a mental illness get better."

63% agree with the statement, "Most people with mental illness can, with treatment, get well and return to productive lives."

54% feel that mental illness is no different from having any other illness. This represents a significant increase over 1990 when 48% shared this belief. (Note that 20% of all citizens disagree with this statement.)

Half (50%) of all respondents agree with the statement,
"Individuals who have a mental illness and are receiving competent treatment are no more dangerous than the general population."

Most South Carolina residents are not keen about locating a home for the mentally ill in a residential neighborhood.

Only 43% of all South Carolina citizens feel that locating a home for the mentally ill in a residential neighborhood does not endanger local residents. 4 1 % do not have a strong opinion and 14% disagree with this statement.

When asked if they agree or disagree with the statement,
"Locating a group home or apartments for people with mental illnesses in a residential area will not harm property values. "21% of all respondents strongly disagreed. 39% were unsure or did not have a strong opinion. Only 40% agreed.

In 2000, respondents were asked how strongly they agreed with the statement, "Individuals who have a mental illness and are receiving competent treatment are no more dangerous than the general population." Findings reveal ...

50% agree with the statement. 
37% are neutral. 
13% disagree.

South Carolinians are more likely to believe that heredity and chemical imbalance are the top causes of mental illness than any other factor. When asked to name the most common cause of mental illness ...

36% stated mental illness is inherited. 
30% it is due to a chemical imbalance. 
11% stated alcohol or drug abuse. 
9% blamed stress. 
3% said poor parenting is to blame. 
2% stated accidental injuries.

In 2000, South Carolina citizens were much more likely to believe mental illness is caused by heredity (36% vs. 11%) and much less likely to believe it is caused by alcohol/drug abuse (11%) and stress (9%) than in 1990.

The most common telltale sign of mental illness is the way a person with a mental illness reacts to situations. When asked to name the telltale signs of mental illness...

43% of all respondents said that they react differently to situations than those without mental illness. 
19% stated they appear depressed. 
18% report violent behavior as a sign of mental illness. 
16% stated the inability to deal with day to day problems. 
10% stated a dirty/ disheveled appearance. 
7% said behavior such as talking and screaming to oneself.

Most (87%) South Carolinians claim they are very likely to seek treatment or advise someone else to seek treatment if they had mental illness. This is true whether or not they have a stigma towards mental illness.

The majority feel people with mental illness should be able to obtain treatment in their own communities.

86% agree with the statement, "People who need mental health treatment should be able to obtain services in their communities rather than having to go to a large state mental hospital. "

62% believe state funds should be allocated to increase the capacity of individual communities to meet the needs of people with mental illness. (Note that this percentage was 7 1 % in 1990).

Yet, most are not satisfied with the quality of programs and services available at the community level.

Only 27% agree with the statement, "Mental health professionals who work in South Carolina's public mental health system are as well prepared as mental health professionals in private practice."

Only 24% agree that there are enough programs and personnel throughout South Carolina's communities to help people who need treatment.

Although most (69%) South Carolina citizens are not familiar with SCDMH, the percentage of citizens who are not familiar with the organization declined since 1990.

Interestingly, citizens with a stigma towards mental illness are twice as likely to be very familiar with SCDMH than those who do not have a stigma.

Residents of the Pee Dee region are much more likely to claim they are familiar with SCDMH than residents of other regions.

Regardless, 89% of all citizens claim they would contact the local mental health program at SCDMH if the need arose.

Thirty eight percent of those who said they would not contact SCDMH do not trust the organization. Some fear confidentiality while others are not sure of the quality of care at SCDMH. Many would simply prefer to call their private physician.

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